What is the difference between net and gross?
Net is before VAT; gross is the VAT-inclusive total.
VAT Calculator
Switch between adding VAT to a net price or pulling VAT out of a gross inclusive price.
Choose VAT mode and amount
Select add or extract, then enter the amount and VAT rate.
About this calculator
How to use VAT Calculator, plus the formulas and logic behind the results.
Tool description
VAT (value-added tax) is commonly quoted exclusive (net) or inclusive (gross). This calculator converts between the two at a flat rate.
How to use
- Choose whether you start from net or gross.
- Enter the amount in that basis.
- Enter the VAT percentage.
- Select Calculate to view net, VAT, and gross.
Formulas & reference
Add: VAT = net × (rate ÷ 100); gross = net + VATExtract: net = gross ÷ (1 + rate ÷ 100); VAT = gross − net
VAT examples
- 20% VAT on net $100 → VAT $20, gross $120
- Gross $120 at 20% → net $100, VAT $20
- Common rates vary by country (e.g. 5–27%)
- US sales tax is different—see Sales Tax tools
Calculation logic
Add mode scales net by the rate. Extract mode divides gross by (1 + rate), matching reverse sales-tax style math.
Real VAT regimes may use reduced rates, exemptions, or place-of-supply rules. Educational flat-rate math only.
VAT Calculator FAQ
Common questions about the calculation and how to interpret the estimate.
How do I add VAT?
Multiply net by the rate percent / 100 and add that VAT to the net amount.
How do I extract VAT from a gross price?
Divide gross by (1 + rate/100) to get net; VAT is the difference.
Is VAT the same as US sales tax?
Related idea, different legal systems. Use Sales Tax tools for US-style add/reverse flows.
Can I use any currency?
Yes—enter numeric amounts; the $ prefix is for display only.
Is this tax filing advice?
No—educational calculator only, not a substitute for local VAT rules.